Monday, 28 December 2020

Table

When I went up to University I was often asked who had taught me to cook. My school was a very old fashioned boys' school so there were no lessons there except for an extra curricular course held at the local girls' school during the sixth form, and the motivation for taking part in that course had little to do with food. However, it was a great surprise to my flatmates that I could produce a Sunday roast with very little fuss. The truth lies at a table in my childhood kitchen.

Our kitchen table was made by my late father. It was made for utility not elegance and served alongside its two pvc covered benches for decades. It had two broad white legs each with a wide foot and its surface was a mottled white and grey formica with a metal band around its edge. We sat at this table for all except the most important of meals, everything from hurried breakfasts to Sunday roasts. It was also where I did my homework on a Sunday morning - History set my Mr Williams or Divinity set by the Rev James. I was never much of a student as my magpie mind was easily distracted. Much of my time was spent watching my mother peel vegetables, baste the roast and, above all, make gravy. 

When my teachers had been kind and I finished my scribblings earlier than expected I would help my mother, my speciality would be the gravy. From this I learned that you need to keep some of the vegetable water and the water that had been used for par-boiling the potatoes to enrich and help thicken the gravy. I also learned that the "marmitey" nuggets of caramelised meat and potatoes contain powerful flavour hits that need to be diluted and stirred in to enhance the broth. I did not need my mother to tell me what to do, I had watched it so often that it just seemed easy and natural.

Tables are important, they provide us with space in a complicated and increasingly noisy world. Kitchen tables are a place of gathering, a place where real conversations happen. Arguments, making up, admissions, announcements, professions of love, all have taken place around a kitchen table. If the heart of the home is its kitchen then the kitchen table is where the beat of that heart can be heard.

I have written before about my childhood holidays on a farm in Devon; the farmhouse kitchen had a massive table. I probably sat 10 or 12 but it seemed like a huge expanse of weathered wood to a small blond haired little boy. I remember it pilled with cakes and sandwiches to fuel the team at harvest time all made by Agnes in the Aga that sat alongside the table. I, of course, considered myself an important part of that team and thus entitled to my share of cake.

The long tables and benches found in the refectories and dining rooms of old fashioned schools and universities come from a monastic tradition of communal eating but they also force people into a situation where they have to communicate: with a person either side of you and 3 or four opposite, it is hard not to talk. Both of the schools which I attended were very traditional and valued the concept of communal eating as being a civilised and character building thing to do.

My present kitchen is way too small to have table, though the Beautiful Wife and I breakfast everyday at a table in the dining room. We ask what each others' days hold and make plans for the evening. I value this time more than I can explain here. Sitting up at table and eating together is the best way to start even the most stressful of days at the chalk face.

The table of my childhood has long since given way to the ravages of time as all things have their day. However, as lovers of food and good conversation we are lost without a table, somewhere away from screens and gadgets where we can celebrate our good fortune, commiserate other's losses and simply be human. 



Tuesday, 16 June 2020

Stuffed Chicken Thighs

Stuffing meat goes back into ancient history. It has developed into one of those food issues which causes arguments whenever it is brought up! Never is this more evident than at Christmas. We argue about whether the bird should be stuffed (in my eyes, no) whether the stuffing should contain meat (in my eyes, yes) whether it should be served in balls or slices (slices for me) and whether it is better hot or cold (I love stuffing as a cold cut).
The recipe below is for a stuffed chicken leg. This is a bit of a misnomer as the whole leg is not stuffed, just the thigh, whilst it is roasted as a whole leg. I have, on a couple of occasions, stuffed a whole chicken leg and let me assure you that life is way to short to take the bone out of a chicken drumstick!
I decided to use Black Pudding because I love it. Many people find eating a blood sausage problematic but it is efficient and a good use of a product that may well otherwise have been wasted. However, if you are trying to get blood to make your own then you would have better luck buying dynamite. It is unlikely that an abattoir will supply you with any as fresh blood has a very high infection risk. However, you can get powdered blood which is used in most commercial Black Pudding.
The removal of the bone from a chicken thigh (whether attached to the drumstick or not) is a reasonably easy thing to do, just be aware that the first time you do it it will take a while though you will get much quicker at it over time. It is a very worthwhile skill to learn as chicken thigh has a lot more flavour than breast and is much cheaper.
I served this with a puree of carrot and potato, spinach and the roasting juices reduced with a little stock.

Chicken Legs stuffed with Black Pudding

2 Chicken legs (sometimes called "oyster" cut)
10gms Black Pudding crumbled or finely chopped
1 egg beaten
1 small handful breadcrumbs
Salt and pepper

Mix the beaten egg with the black pudding and bread to form a firm paste. pick off a little piece of this and fry it  and taste it to check for seasoning (this will depend entirely on the black pudding). Season if needed.
The stuffing, not too sloppy!
Bone out the chicken thighs, separating them at the joint to leave the drumstick attached but still with its bone in.
Thigh bone removed
Roll a small finger of the stuffing and place in the gap left by the thigh bone.
Stuffed, ready for closing.
Wrap the flesh around the stuffing and secure with three or four cocktail sticks. (Ideally these should have been soaked for an hour or two before starting, but I nearly always forget).
Cocktail sticks used for sealing the roast
Roast the legs in a oven at about 180 degrees for 20 or more minutes until cooked through. The skin should be beautifully crisp and golden.
Pop the legs aside to rest for a short while whilst reducing some good chicken stock with the meat juices in the roasting tin. Serve with some kind of mash (celeriac might be nice) and some squeaky greens (spinach, kale, cabbage, chard, etc). Remove the cocktail sticks, carve the thigh and serve.
Served, with a creepy hand shadow on the plate!
This serves two people with a seriously hearty meal.





Saturday, 23 May 2020

Inspiration and perspiration.

There are very few new ideas in food. Most interesting ideas in modern food are modern twists on old classics or an introduction of new ingredients or cuisine to a different context. Calital food was probably the first of these to be given a name. The sheer glory of Californian produce with Italian cooking wasn't actually to big a leap of anyone's imagination but it did produce some stunning dishes. Those few cooks and chefs who go beyond innovation into invention usually end up with Michelin stars or bankrupt or both.
Most of us mere mortals search for inspiration from the familiar places: a stunning ingredient, and old classic, a particular location, the work of a "proper" chef and such.
The dish below comes from a few of these!
In February, before the world shifted on its axis, the Beautiful Wife and I were invited out to dinner at the Sir Charles Napier near Chiner on the edge of the Chiltern Hills. The meal was a triumph with that rare combination of great food, great wine and great company. The quality of the cooking was really very high - The memory of the Rhubarb Souffle will stay with me for ever.
For my main course I had the Navarin of Lamb. This in its purest form is a rustic lamb and vegetable stew, very "paysan" and hearty. However, the chef had taken this ancient dish and completely re - thought it. I have never been a fan of the idea of de-constructed dishes but to a degree that is what he did. It was a piece of exemplary cooking. I have endeavoured to recreate it since then and now have something of which I am proud. I have served it with different vegetables as we are later in the year.

Braised Neck Fillet of Lamb with puree of Cauliflower, Roast Beetroot and Thrice cooked chips.

1 large neck fillet of lamb
2 or 3 long shallots
Red wine
Lamb stock
2 carrots - diced
3 or 4 celery stalks - diced
1 medium onion  - diced
1 tbsp plain flour

Cauliflower puree
1/2 head of cauliflower
250 ml double cream
1/2 onion finely chopped
1 clove garlic

Thrice cooked chips
2 large baking potatoes
Lard
Salt

Roast beetroot
1 large beetroot
Oil

In a large saucepan or stock pot heat a little oil and brown the meat until the surface is a little caramelised add in the celery, onions and carrots and fry them with the meat for a couple of minutes until they are just starting to take colour. add in the flour and stir into the mix. Then add half a bottle of wine and a similar amount of stock and stir in gently but thoroughly. Cover and allow to stew on the hob for a couple of hours till the meat is just starting to fall apart. 
In the mean time cut the potatoes into neat large chips wash them in cold water to remove excess starch and boil until they are becoming just tender. Dry them and allow them to cool then chill them in a fridge for an hour or so. Bring 1/3 of a large pan full of melted lard up to a temperature of about 160 centigrade. Fry the chips until they are soft but have not taken any colour. Again cool the chips. Just before serving fry the chips in the fat at 180 centigrade. 
Also while the lamb is cooking the beetroot should be cut into equal sized cubes and popped into the oven with the oil to roast (This takes about 45 mins to an hour.)
To make the cauliflower puree, break the cauliflower into small florets and put them in a pan with enough veg stock to just cover them boil until the cauliflower is very soft and then add the cream. Boil this to thicken a little and then blitz to a puree. This maybe to thin, in which case pop it back in the pan and continue to thicken. Incidentally, you probably wont use all of the puree but it makes a great base for a cream of cauliflower soup (I always thin it out a bit with cream and add crumbled Stilton)
About 20 minutes before serving peel the shallots and cut in half, keeping the root bit attached. Pop this with a little oil in the oven to roast down, caramelise and become all sticky. 
Meanwhile, back at the lamb. Remove the neck fillet from the stew and place somewhere warm; it should be falling apart like pulled lamb. Strain the liquid of the all the veg. They have done their job. Take about 200 to 250 ml of the liquid into a clean saucepan and reduce fast to create a shiny syrupy sauce, maybe add a little butter to add some gloss. Slice the neck fillet in half. Place a piece of neck fillet on half the roast shallot and plate up the rest as you see fit!

A word about presentation: My default position on presentation is "Bistro / Brasserie / Family" I have no aspiration to produce works of art on a plate. Though I always want my food to look like one would want to eat it. For this reason (and many others) it was never in my destiny to win Michelin Stars!
However, with this dish I did go a little to town and showed off, on our best china.
The finished article.

















Monday, 11 May 2020

A Year in Bread - Back to the bread.

I had great plans. This year was to be a year of making bread, Then Covid19 arrived and everything changed. Along with their toilet rolls people bulk bought flour and yeast. I should be pleased about this, after all, I have been suggesting people should learn to make their own bread for ages and telling them about the joy of a home made loaf and the house smelling a little like a French boulangerie. Then they all go ahead and do it! It is only in the last few weeks that I have been able to get my hands on any strong bread flour, and I still have not found any yeast, dried or fresh! (I do have a small stash of dried yeast so all was not lost.
There is, however, a bread that requires no addition of yeast, just flour, water, salt and a strange flour and water mix that has been kept captive for a while, being fed flour and water every so often. I write of Sourdough bread.
Sourdough relies on the naturally occurring yeasts in flour and in the air to create enough carbon dioxide to leaven a loaf. It has become, over the past 15 years, very trendy and a little bit over burdened with snobbery, both direct and inverted. At its best it is delicious, at its worst quite plain.
My first memory of Sourdough was in San Francisco in 1995. I was back packing across the States for a month and, owing to jet lag, woke very early in my youth hostel. I headed of on the short walk to Fisherman's Wharf where the was a coffee stand just opening up. I ordered a coffee and a roll for my breakfast. It was a revelation. This chewy, slightly acidic, thick crusted bread was quite delicious. I will always link sourdough to that beautiful, sunny, August morning in California.
I have tried several times to cultivate my own sourdough, starting with following instructions online to purchasing several starters. I have not been able to get these to work for me in any meaningful way and I have certainly not been able to sustain them. However, in times of crisis we must show some determination! So I started another batch and have just baked my first loaf this morning. The loaf is not perfect, but the first few loaves are not supposed to be, and it was quite delicious with my own marmalade for breakfast.
If you search the internet for recipes to create your own sourdough starter then you will find hundreds of different ways of doing it; from adding grapes to the initial mix to mixing many flours and I'm sure these all work well in context but I went for pure simplicity and it appears to have worked.
Below you will see my recipe but I make no guarantee that it will work for you. It is worth bearing in mind that Corner Cottage is a Victorian farm labourer's cottage and is home to both normal bread making and brewing so there may well be some interesting wild yeasts that have got into my mix that might nor find their way into yours.

Sourdough starter
In a large jar with a seal add 50gms of strong bread flour to 75gms of water. Mix thoroughly and then seal the jar for 24 hours. Add the same volumes of flour and water for 4 more days, stirring thoroughly every time. It should be the consistency of thick double cream. You can adjust the flour and water to achieve this consistency as you go. By day 4 or 5 you should start to see bubbles rising to the surface of the sourdough and a definite sour smell should be coming off! By day 6 you should be ready for your first loaf!
After you have taken your first batch of sourdough starter of the process of feeding the starter begins again.

Sourdough loaf
Sourdough starter with the finished loaf.
250gms Sourdough starter
400gms Strong bread flour
200gms Water
15gms Salt

Add all the ingredients to a bowl and bring together. Kneed in your usual manner for a wet dough. (It's worth checking out Richard Bertinet on line for this. He demonstrates a fantastic way to knead any dough with over 65% hydration, there are some quite good spoofs on this too)
Pop your soft, kneaded dough into a clean bowl with a dusting of flour and cover. Put the bowl in a warm, draft fee environment.
Now comes the wait. Depending on the liveliness of your starter and about 10,000 other variables your dough may take a couple of ours to double in size or even as much as a working day (mine took 7 hours yesterday).

Knock the dough back (how I hate that term) folding it gently in on itself to form a small ball again and then pop it in a loaf tin (or banneton) for a second prove (I left mine overnight for this one!).
At the start of the second prove. Patience is all.
Finally the simplest bit. Bake in a very hot oven for about 25 minutes until dark golden brown and a little bit shiny (yes really). If you are using a banneton turn out the loaf and bake on a pizza stone or hot baking sheet.
And in the morning, ready for the oven
Allow to cool before eating (if you can). It incidentally makes the best toast on earth.
Such great toast



Sunday, 9 February 2020

A Year in Bread - Plain White Loaf

This is my first recipe for bread of the year. It is for a very straightforward, 'never fail' loaf.

1 kg Strong White Flour
600 gms water (it doesn't have to be warm)
15 gms salt
15 gms fresh yeast
15 gms butter (cut into tiny pieces)

Put all the flour into a large bowl. Crumble in the yeast (if it is fresh it will crumble). Add in the butter and the water and begin to mix the dough.
The start. Mixing the ingredients

I use one hand like a claw to start with until it all starts to come together. At this point add the salt and continue mixing until it form a sticky dough, it should leave the bowl almost completely clean. Your hands will get covered in sticky dough, this may feel a bit weird at first but you will get used to it.
Place the dough on a flat surface and begin to knead. There is no need to flour the surface. This is a very personal process.
Ready for kneading.
For a 60% hydration loaf (the ratio of water to flour) like this I find that a pushing away from you with the heal of the hand whilst holding the edge closest to you work well. Then I pull the dough back slightly rolling it back on itself. I then turn the dough through 90 degrees and start again.
Kneading should take between 5 and 10 minutes depending on how hard and fast the dough is worked. It will feel light and smooth and will return to its original shape if a finger is gently poked into it.
I tend to use an earthenware bowl for bread making (Mason Cash no 9) and I now clean out any of the original mix using very hot water and I allow the bowl to get warm. The bowl should now be dried carefully and the tiniest pinch of flour thrown in. I then place the dough in the bowl and cover it tight with cling film.
Time for patience.
This is then placed in a draft free place at a constant room temperature for an hour.
The dough should have doubled in size and now it must be 'knocked back' (a term I hate).
Fully risen dough.
Simply take the dough out of the bowl and reshape it back to a much smaller ball forcing some of the carbon dioxide out.
Bubbles before "knock back"
Place the dough back in the bowl and cover again for another hour.
After the dough has risen for the second time take it out of the bowl and divide it into two equal parts, shape these into the particular style of loaf desired place these on a floured baking sheet and leave alone for 20 to 30 minutes. Turn the oven on to 250 degrees and place a roasting dish at the bottom of the oven.
Final prove 

When the loaves have risen for the final time dust them with flour and cut them to enable the to rise in the oven without bursting out of the side! Do not use anything blunt for this; A scalpel or razor blade works well for this.
Cut loaves, ready for the oven
Slide the loaves into the oven and add about 150ml of boiling water to the roasting dish. Allow the loaves to bake without disturbing them too much. Take a look once and turn them if you know your oven has a hot spot. The loaves are done when you turn one over, tap it and it sounds hollow. (Be careful doing this they will be hot!
Take them out when "hollow" and the crusts looks right for you, some like it darker than others!
If you can bear it, let them cool a bit before tucking in.
Loaves ready for butter.





Wednesday, 1 January 2020

A Year in Bread - Beginings

To everyone ho reads this blog may I first wish a very happy New Year, may it bring us all what we want and need without giving us what we really deserve.
As you can probably tell from the title, having written last year about preserving, this year i intend to blog about Bread.
Bread, in all its forms, carries massive significance socially, religiously and politically. It is the staff of life a simple mix of flour, water yeast and salt which can lift our spirits an satiate out hunger. I has also been abused and downgraded in the interests of profit. The last few years have seen a return to a demand for higher quality bread and this is, without doubt positive.
It is perfectly possible to make great bread at home with the minimum of kit and this year I be posting my regular attempts to try new recipes using new flours and techniques. As I type I have very simple white dough proving in order to make a couple of loaves to see us through to the weekend.
It is worth remembering that when we eat together we "break bread" and in almost every culture there is a bread with massive significance.
During the year I am also looking to do research into the the global significance of bread and the components of bread too. Here's to a great 2020!